This book presents the socio-cultural life of ancient India an the basis of data drawn from the Carakasamhita. Indian religious as well as secular literature and Greek and Chinese accounts are utilized for corroborative data. Thus a convincing picture of ancient Indian life has been constructed in which the facts noticed in Caraka are given critical analysis, interpretation and assessment for their historical value. The author found the ancient Indian medical literature a rich source of material for study and research in ancient Indian society and culture.