Contents: 1 Introduction and Scenario of Fruits and Vegetables Production in India 2 Pesticide, its Residues and Environment 3 Pesticide, its Residues and Agriculture 4 Pesticide, its Residues and Health Issues 5 Pesticides and its Classification 6 Pesticides: Management, Purchase, Uses, and Safety 7 Bioassay of Pesticide and its Importance in Toxicity Testing 8 Label Claim and Labeling of Pesticides 9 Pesticide Regulations and Food Laws 10 Guidelines of Codex Alimentarius Commission 11 Concepts of Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI), Maximum Residue Li mit (MRL), Pre-Harvest Interval (PHI), and Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) 12 Pesticide Residues and Analytical methods of its detection 13 Sources of Pesticides Residues in Fruits and Vegetables 14 Alternatives to Chemical Pesticides 15 Management of Pesticide Residues 16 Prospectus of Organic Farming in India